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The capital city of Tula oblast: Tula.
Tula oblast (also spelled Tulskaya) is a federal subject of Russia, part of Central Federal District. The capital city and administrative center is Tula.
Tula oblast has the population of 1,553,000 (2009); land area - 25,679 sq. km.
The climate of Tula oblast is of moderate continental type, with moderately cold winters and warm summers. The annual average temperature is 5 degs C above zero, in January 10 degs C below zero, in June 20 degs C above zero.
Tula oblast suffered greatly during the disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Radioactive sediments infected the surrounding area, which consequently became unfit for agriculture.
About half of all the coal deposits of the Moscow coal basin are located in Tulskaya oblast. They are estimated as 1,500 million tons. Over 20 deposits of strontium ore with total resources of approximately 200 million tons have been found.
In the south-west there are deposits of peat. There are considerable deposits of various construction materials, especially limestone which have been prospected since 14th-15th centuries; as well as clay, sand and gypsum. There are commercial deposits of iron ore and several fresh mineral water springs are in the area.
Tula oblast nature
Tulskaya oblast field
Tula Russia oblast river
In 1380 in the south-western part of current Tulskaya oblast where the river Nepryadva flows into the Don, the historical Kulikovo battle took place which was the start of the liberation of Russian lands from the Tatar-Mongol yoke. In 1503 Tula lands were joined to the Muscovite principality.
In the 16th and 17th centuries Tula was an important fortification point for the southern boundary of the Muscovite state. The boundary line crossed the Tula lands and cities where fortresses were located. The industrial development of the region started in 17th century. In 1696 the blacksmith Nikita Demidov constructed the first blast-furnaces and workshops near the mouth of the river Tulitsa. They became the start of blacksmith handicraft in Tula.
Tula became one of the centers of Russian metallurgy and metal-working. In 1712 Peter I ordered the founding of the State arms factory in Tula; which produced arms for the Russian Army. On March 9, 1777, Tulskaya gubernia was formed. At the same time the production of samovars, gingerbread and accordions was developed in Tula.
In 1855 the Malevskaya mine was put into action and since that time systematic coal mining in the Moscow coal basin began. The basin is the oldest coal mining region in Russia. Its’ deposits were found in 1722. The industrial Industry that developed was favored by the construction of the railways “Moscow-Kursk” in 1864-1868 and “Syzran-Vyazma” in 1870-1874.
In 1937 Tulskaya oblast was formed. It was a region with developed industry and agriculture. After the World War II, the machine-building, chemical, metallurgic, and coal industries were developed and the scientific research institutions were opened.
Tula region is an important industrial center. Main industries of the oblast are as follows: chemical, machine-building, food, ferrous metallurgy, and power engineering. Tula oblast’s largest and main industrial cities are Tula (500,000), Novomoskovsk (151,000), and Aleksin (66,000).
The transportation net of the Tula region differs greatly from the neighboring regions in its development, except for Moskovskaya oblast.
Tulskaya oblast has direct lines to Moscow and the centers of Bryanskaya, Voronezhskaya, Tambovskaya, Orlovskaya, Kurskaya, Kaluzhskaya, Lipetskaya and Ryazanskaya oblasts.
The main railway lines are the “Moscow-Kharkov-Simferopol” and “Moscow-Donbas”. A speedy electric train goes back and forth between Moscow and Tula every day. It takes it 2 hours and 20 minutes to reach this destination.
About 70% of the total area in the Tula region are arable lands. Crops are grown on 54% of them. Agriculture is developed best of all in the southern forest steppe area. The crops are: (barley, wheat), forage, and beetroots. Cattle- and pig-breeding are also developed there. In the northern districts cattle-breeding is developed as well as forage and potatoes growing.
Also some historical, traditional industries (like firearm and samovar making) are very attractive for Tula oblast visitors.
Tula Russia region view
Tula region scenery
Tula region abandoned church
The rich history of Tula oblast is reflected in its’ historical monuments and museums. These are sites of ancient settlements, remnants of defense constructions, ancient Russian cities architecture, churches, ancient estates and parks are always of interest. There are about 30 museums in the Tula region of Russia. Tula State Arms Museum, Tula Kremlin, and Tula Samovar Museum should be mentioned especially.
Yasnaya Polyana is the place where the world reknown writer Leo Tolstoy lived. He was born and spent most part of his life there. He was also buried there, in the forest at the edge of the ravine. A lot of his works were written in Yasnaya Polyana. The estate is located about 12 km from Tula city.
About 11 km to the south-west of Suvorov town, on the left bank of the river Cherepet, there is a balneological resort Krainka (was founded in 1847 and called Likhvinskiye Minearalnye Vody).
Among the popular tourist places there are Kulikovo Field (Kulikovo battle museum), Polenovo (estate-museum of the outstanding Russian artist Polenov), and Bogoroditsk, with the well-known park of the 18th century. Also, the system of underground ways in the Guryev stone quarries is always of great interest.
Tula Russia oblast highway
Tula oblast forest road
Tula oblast winter road
Tula oblast church
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