The population of Chuvashia is 1,4 thousand people, making it one of the most densely populated areas in Russian Federation. Chuvashia is home to only 45 % of the 2 million Chuvashs in the former Soviet Union.The remaining 55 % live on their ancestral lands which were not included into the Chuvash Autonomous Region. when it was formed on June 24, 1920. On April 21, 1925 it was reformed into the Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and in 1992 - into the Chuvash Republic.

In republic there live more than 55 nationalities, the main of which are Chuvashs - 67,8 %, the Russians - 26,7 % and the Tatars - 2,7 %.

Chuvashia has considerable amounts of minerals including gypsum, phosphorites, carbonates, sands and clays. One third of the Republic is covered with forests. From ancient time, lumbering, sawmilling and the making of wooden articles has been the chief occupation of Chuvashs. Chuvashia exports a wide range of industrial products and consumer goods: hop, potatoes, knitted wear, hosiery, textiles, leather haberdashery and plastics. The language belongs to the Bulgar subgroup of the Turcic group of the Altai family of languages. Their ancestors used the Runic script and at the Bulgar times the Arabic script. Now they use Russian script.

Till the 18th century the Chuvashs had their ancestral native religion. During the period from the mid-18th century till the mid-19th century they adopted Orthodox Christianity.

The ancestors of Chuvashs were seminomadic tribes of ancient Bulgars and Suvars who lived in steppes of the North Caucasus in the 5th- 8th centuries. In the 7th - 8th centuries a part of Bulgars left for the Balkans, another part moved to the Mid-Volga region and made up the ethnic base of Chuvashs and Kazan Tatars. In 8th century Volga-Bulgar state was founded. In the beginning of 13th century this state was destroyed by Tatar-Mongol conquerers, but soon Kazan Khanate was founded, were traditions of Bulgars continued.

The formation of the Chuvash into a single nation was going on the base of the rural Bulgarian population who did not adopt Islam and it was completed on the boundary of the 15th - 16th centuries.

Side by side with the Tatars and Maris, Chuvashs fought fiercely against Russians, until their defeat and annectation into Russia in 1551. In Russian Empire Chuvash peasants were relatively free - they did not know serfdom, but the cultural degeneration under russification was evident.

The Chuvash revival movement was nurtured by the Simbirsk High School which opened in 1868. The Simbirsk High School became the centre of Chuvash culture. It was a town in itself, with hostels, an art gallery, a museum, a church, work-shops etc. It was at this High School that the Chuvash literary language was created, making it a sacred place for the Chuvash people.

But on 1920 Simbirsk was not included into Chuvash Autunomous Region. Soon the High School was closed and cultural degeneration began. By 1985 the written language was in danger of dying out. 40 % of all Chuvash children were not taught in their language, Revival movement arises in 1989 when Chuvash Public Cultural Centre was founded.

In december, 1993 Nikolai Fedorov was elected to be the first President of the Chuvash Republic. On the November, 1994 The State Council of the Chuvash Republic was elected. Since that time certain conflict exists between President and State Council.

As the Chuvashian state is in the process of formation yet, in the years of 1994 and 1995 the discussions on the new constitution was held.Four projects are under discussion, one of them proposed by National Congress.

In 1994 the Constituent Assembly of the Volga-Ural nations took place in Shupashkar (another participants were Tatars, Udmurts, Maris, Bashkirs and Erzas). The purpose of it was to unite the fight of the small peoples of this region for their rights. The President of Chuvash National Congress Atner Khuzangai was elected to chairmanship of Assembly.

In october, 1994 the forum of the Great Council of the National Congress took place, where the government of the Chuvash Republic was suppressed to force it into taking nore care of the native people.

In the autumn of 1995 the Chuvash National Congress took actively part in the formation of "The League of Nations of Russia". This movement will begin to participate in the elections of the Parliament and President of the Russian Federation.