The modern-day Amur Region occupies 391,000 square kilometers, making it about the same size as Poland or Japan.

The Amur River, which extends along 1,246 kilometers of the southern border of the Far East is the official dividing line between China and Russia. In the west, north, and east the Amur Region neighbors other Russian regions: the Chita Region, the Republic of Yakutia, the autonomous Jewish Region, and the Khabarovsk Territory. The Amur Region is in the eighth time zone east of the Prime Meridian and is 1,200 kilometers from the temperate Japanese Ocean. It is located 8,000 kilometers from Moscow.

Nearly sixty percent of the land in the Amur Region is covered with mountains. The low ranges extend into the Amur's northern and eastern parts, with some ranges rising up to 2,312 meters. The central and southern parts of the Amur plains average heights of 200 to 500 meters above sea level, where the majority of the population lives.

The region has a moderate climate within forty-nine and fifty-seven degrees in the northern latitudes. One might say that the climate is unique. This region is where the continental winds and monsoon streams meet. This meeting of the elements can not be found anywhere else in the world at the same latitude. One viewpoint is that the Amur Region changes sharply in extreme temperature throughout each day and year, which ranges from forty-two degrees Celsius in the summer to fifty-eight degrees below zero in the winter. However, this region also receives plenty of sunshine and water, which allows the cultivation of several different kinds of crops - which include opportunities for growing watermelon and other melons.

Most of the days of the year on the Amur terrain are sunny and calm. The average air temperature fluctuates between 20.7 and 17.6 degrees Celsius in July and between -27.6 to -32.8 degrees Celsius in January. For 121 to 139 days the Zeya-Bureya region is free of frost, which makes it the main farming land of the Far East. The growing season lasts anywhere from 115 to 134 days, during this time the temperature is ten degrees or higher.

The winter months in the Amur are dry and have little snow. For example, ninety to ninety-two percent of the bodies of water are warm. Most of the water falls in the mountainous areas in the Eastern regions. Up to 800 millimeters of rain can fall each year. Nearing the western borders the climate becomes drier.

The Amur Region has a large reserve base for Russia. The most important transportation system of Europe and Asia goes through this Region. Traditionally the most attention is given to address the development of farming.

The obvious leader in national income is industry. In 1993 a whole output of production in this sphere produced 340 million U.S. dollars. In the region there are 650 industrial firms, 180 of which are most successful. A great role is played by fuel and energy complexes as well as by the forest industry. Together these different aspects create a picture of what the region looks like to the rest of Russia in the field of industry. In the last years gold has been the main focus. When one looks at the serious economic situation of the Amur Region one sees that the region is rich in resources but cannot independently finance all of its farming and work force potential. About forty percent of the necessary funds for the realization of this potential comes from the Russian Federation. This is due to a shortage of companies which are able to process the local natural resources. Inefficiency is a problem found in industry and in large farms.

One of the ways to have an effective economy with independent finances is for the independent governance of the region. Today there are more than 350 private firms. In the beginning of 1994, government firms and farms dropped to five percent of the total. The creation of many investment projects is to establish in this region a high level of stability and to use a high level of technology. This realization has attracted Russian as well as other capital.